Combustion-engine.



Pntvntml Doc. 19, li Fili a SHKETSWSMET W- A. SURG.

, COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION TILED MAR-2.19M.

Inventor. W

, 'Wt'lnesses:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. SORG, F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 FREDERICK G. BBADBURY, TRUSTEE. DE '1. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

To all wi l out it may concern:

Be it known -that I. \VILLIAM A. Sono, a citizen of the United States, residing at' Minneapolis. in the county of Henncpin and State of ltlinncsota. have invented a new and useful lm n'ovement in omimstion-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

An object of this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine in which heavy and light fuel oils are completely vaporized in the combustion chamber in the most effective manner.

More particularly in the present invention a long tubular combustion chamber associated with an outside cylinder is employed which is heated through the action of the combustion of fuel to produce thorough va porization of heavy fuel oils such as kerosene and crude petroleum, and said outside cylinder is detachably mounted upon a tube which is adapted to be heated and to hold the fuel mixture charge.

The invention further consists of combining a cool cylinder and a heated tube in which the fuel oil is directly vaporized, said tube being chilled and rid of incandescent articles to prevent pre-ignition.

This'invention makes it practicable to burn kerosene and crude oil having acid reaction or containing sulfur, because the fuel. is sprayed and retained in a tube adjacent the cylinder and does not come into contact with the cylinder wall.

One of the important results of this invention is to prevent combustion and after burning of the fuel following the working stroke.

This application is directed to a portion of the subject matter forming a separate specie of the invention involved in my companion applications, Serial Numbers 821.908 and 891.911. filed on the 2nd day of March, 1914. for improvements in combustion engines.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification. Figure 1 is a plan of my invention: Fig; 2 is an end view. part of the engine being broken away and in section for the purpose of exposing part of the internal construction. and Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail in section taken longitudinally through the central portion of the engine.

In the drawings. A indicates a reciprocable insille piston. ll a stationary outside cylinder in ivhieh the piston rcciprocatcs and I) a long tubular structure having a bore of less diameter than the diameter of said piston and forming a combustion chamber in extension of the cylinder in which the charge of fuel is adapted to be formed and entirely consumed. The piston A is provided with the usual pitman 2 which revolves a crank shaft 3 in the usual manner, said shaft being jourualed in bearings 4 mounted upon the base 5. said base being adapted to support the cylinder B in stationary position. The cylinder B is formed with a jacket 5, the chamber of which has ports 7 which provide for a rirculation of cooling medium such as water through the jacket. In this manner. a cool. cvlindrical bearing surface is provided on which the piston is adapted to reciprocate. The piston A is provided with the usual piston rings 8 seated in annular grooves 9 whereby a tight working connection is produced between the piston and cylinder to enable the forming of a charge of fuel in the combustion chamber under sufficient compression to produce highly efficient results. The combustion chamber tube D is flared on one end and its rim 10 detach-ably secured to an end of the cylinder such as by bolts 11. the tube cylinder and piston being disposed co-axially.

The free or outer end of the tube D is shown provided with a fuel manifold 12 connecting with "a suitable source of fuel mixture supply such as the carburetor 13, although it is not necessary to employ a carbureter because the tube acts as an efficient mixer for air and fuel. This manifold has a puppet valve 14 seated on its inner end and disposed with its stem on the axis of the tube. This valve is held closed upon its seat by the springlfi; said spring permitting the valve to open during the suction stroke of the piston to draw in a charge of fuel mixture issuing from the carburetor. Immediately adjoining the fuel valve is an exhaust valve 16, the latter being disposedupon a seat in the side of the. tube and adapted to be opened at even periods to exhaust the spent gases during the scavenging or exhaust strokes of the piston. This valve is closed automatically at the end of the exhaust stroke by means of the spring 17 on the'outer end of the stem 18 of said valve. The stem 18 is slidably mounted in the one ing 19 having the outlet 20 for the exhaust,

said casing being jacketed for cooling purposes. The jacket chamber 21 is provided with port passages 22 and 23 to provide for a circulation of cooling medium such as water through the jacket, the port passage 22 being com'iected to the port )hSSflgl 7 in the eylinderIiaelu-t by means ol the tube 24 whereby the water used for cooling purposes is adapted to pass throu h the chambers in the jacketed cylil'uler and exhanst valve casing' in series. Disposed in the side of the free end of the tube 1) immediatelv opposite the exhaust valve is an air, inlet valve 25, which is seated in a valve cage 26, thh latter being secured in a suitable casing 27 formed on the side of the tube such as by means of bolts 28. The valve 25, which is seated in thecagc 26, is provided ,with the usual stem 28 and is adapted to be closed automatically by means of the spring 2. on the outer end of the stem. Air is admitted into the cage by the port passages 30 and when the valve 25 opens passes into the outer end of the tube or combustion chamber- A suitable igniter such as the electric spark plug 31 is seated in the side of the combus-' t'ion chamberin advance of the fuel valve 14 and is adapted to ignite the fuel in the combastion chamber at the usual time.

The valves 14, 16 and 25 are opened and closed in synclironism with the strokes of the piston to effect the forming of a stratum of fuel adjacent the free end of the tube, a stratum of inert gas adjacent the head end of the piston and a stratum of air between the stratum of fuel and the stratum of inert as during the suction stroke of the piston.

he valve 25 is positively opened by the use of a walking beam 32 mounted uaon'the valve cage 26, and is connected wit a trip lever 33 which is pivoted upon a boss 34 on the side of the tube by means of the connecting rod 35. The trip leier 33 is moved to open the valve during the early portion of the suction stroke of the piston by means of a cam ,BGmounted u on a shaft ill,irlijieii is jOlllIlHlECl upon the Mid of the ma one and revolved b -tliecrank shaft 3 through the use of intern eshing spiral gears 384cm 39. As the strength of the i -in 2-9 on the iiir vay 'i sgreaterfthan he s rang of the sp'rin 15-011 the fuel remit psielosed during a portion of tire suction stroke and does not open-' until the valve 25 has time," Immediately upon the va1ve25 elosingafter a stratuj of air has been admitted-into-the tube, t valve 14 opens automatically and admits fuel and air which mix and form in another strata" At the. chief-the suction stroke both W. W; 14 and Q5 close. As a resiilt,-tlieiuert gas, ai and'=-fuel;mi1tt 1re are formeclginf separate strata a compressed while the remai in strata-iii tiefi iotiiefttibc def pg'ttm oomflit jefihiiiiqiifiiefajel ressionf In in me adwnte.

that it is uncovered immediately valve '14, tlie'fvalve l4 duce eliicient results when the stratum of fuel mixture is i nited. The tube is of suflicicntly small laiueter and of sullicient length to hold the entire charge of fuel mix ture. During the formation and compres sion of the stratmn oil fuel in the tube it is impinged against the hot inner surface of the tube, and its temperature raised. In consequence a thorough mixing action takes place and the heavy iarticlcs of oil are rendered volatile and in prime condition to produce substantially complete combustion with little or no waste.

Dining the o wration of the engine there is a tendency of some of the impurities 0r residue from the products of coml'iustion in the tube to collect and form a deposit around the piston rings in the concentric channels 9, and cause the rings to stick and not work freely thus decreasing the compression of the fuel produced by the piston. For the purpose of reducing this tendency and increasing the eiiieiency of the operation of the engine by forming a perfectly tight joint between the iston and cylinder wall and also to cool the surface of the piston and inner wall of the cylinder, water or suitable liquid in small quantities is'suclced up into the cylinder through the port passage 42. This port passage is so )ositioned before the end of the suction stroke of the piston whereby the liquid is sucked up between the piston and cylinder and overthe head of the piston. The hot gases .in the combustion chamber and the hot piston head vaporize the liquid and the vapor thus formed prevents the. burning and decomposition of the impurities or oil which tend to collect around the piston rings. The liquid which is admitted through the port passage 42 may be a mixture of air and water or any other liquid or mixture of ingredients which. may be capable of spreading in contact overthe surface of-the piston and piston rin to prevent the canonization of the 'ingr ients which come into contact with'the piston rings and cause them to stick. The water or other material which is admitted throu h the port 42 instead of being sucked into tile cylinder or in contact with the Wall of the, piston may be forced under-pressure through the port passage other than throughthc sue- "tion produced by the piston when desired.

It is intended that the feature of admitting water through'theport 42 into the cylinder shall not foriii a special feature of this invention, it y y We. are in ag ogitio'ii to r m the for l wing picture iict' ti which fol. low upon-tit?" 3*: titan c 'fl'te' combustible gas mixture star 'iistli'ilengtfibe Itfterthe straws: sadi m? have and comp there is" the intended that the engine shall condition of slow combustion; the heat being conveyed by conduction to the adjacent layers, and there therefore follows a slow velocity of flame propagation.

Immediately after the working stroke. of the piston the exhaust valve 16 opened through the action of a walking beam 40 which is pivoted upon the bed of the machine. This beam depresses the valve 16 inwardly against the force exerted by the spring 17. The walking beam is tilted at the. proper instant and for the proper period of time to hold the exhaust valve open dur ing the scavenging stroke of the piston by the cam 41 mounted upon the shaft 37.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention together with the appara tus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to hai'e it understood that the construction shown is only illustrative and that the in vention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set forth within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention. what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. A combustion engine, comprising. in combination, an inside piston and an out side cylinder in reciprocable connection. a

long tube detachably mounted on one end of said cylinder forming a long combustion chamber of 1cm diametcrthan the diameter of said piston, the free end of said tube being valved to admit of the forming of a stratum of fuel in said tube and a stratum .of air in the chamber formed by said tube,

cylinder and piston and to exhaust spent gases and means for igniting the charge of fuel in said tube.

2. A combustion engine. con'iprisii'ig, in combination. a reciprocable inside piston and an outside cylinder in which said piston is slidably mounted, said cylinder having a jacket forming av chamber through which a cooling medium is adapted to be circulated, a long tube forming a combustion chamber detachably mounted on an end of said cylinder having a bore of less diameter than the diameter of said piston and adapted to be heated to assist in vaporizing fuel mixture therein. means on the free end of said tube for admitting fuel into said tube, means for exhausting spent gases from the free end of said tube. means for admittiu; air into the free end of said tube. said fuel and air being arranged in separate strata in said tube. and means for igniting the fuc! in the tube.

3. A combustion engine. comprising. in combination, an inside piston. a statio element comprising a. long tube adaptcd i be heated and to form a hot combuatior chamber to assist in vaporizing the fucl and a bearing element in the form of an outsidc cylinder on an end of said tuboiin which said piston is slidably mounted, means foi lubricating the adjacent surfaces lntn'crn said bearing element and piston, means foi admitting a fuel charge into the free end of said tube, means for admitting'air into the free end of said tube in advance of tin admission of fuel and in a separate stratun from the fuel to chill the inner surface or the tube, Wash out incandescent partich and prevent predgnition of the fuel Clll'igfv means for exhausting spent gases from th tube and means for igniting the fuel in flu tube \vhercb the fuel is retained in a l"it.' column and consumed and a prridonged f is exerted against the piston during its \vori; ing stroke.

*1. A combustion engine. comprising. in combination, a piston and cylinder in re ciprocable. connection. said cylinder con sisting of a cylindrical portion in which said piston is adapted he reciprocatml and chambered to circular a, cooling iucdimn therethrough and a long tube cxtcnd ing from onc end of said cylinder having a. bore of materially less diameter than the diameter of said piston and adapted to be heated to a high temperature by the con sumption of fuel therein to as; st in dircctlv vaporizing fuel oil thcrcin. said tube having in its outer end-valved ports, through hich air and flu-l oil are formed in scparate strata in said tube and spent gases are exhaustcd said air living adapted to chill the inner surface of the tube. wash out incandescen particles and prcvcnt prc-ignition, and mcans for igniting the stratum of the fucl in said tube.

ln tcstimonv \vhcrcof. l lune signed mv name to this spccification, in the presence of two subscribing \vitncsscs.

WILLIAM A. SORG. \Yitnesses:

S'rnrm ll. \\'.\srnsxnnnona, 1*. (i. liuamumi ion 

